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The Effects of Sex Dialects and Sex Stereotypes on Speech Evaluations

Department of Speech Communication, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA Nathan P. Stucky;Department of Speech Communication,Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA

Robert Hopper

Department of Speech Communication, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

Two studies examined the effects of male and female 'dialects' and sex stereotypes on speech evaluations. Although sex-linked language effects have explained more evaluative variance than stereotypes, the persistence of these effects across a range of conversational contexts is uncertain. Study 1 supported the dialect hypothesis across two stimulus conversations but did not support the stereotype hypothesis. Study 2 found dialect and stereotype effects to be conversation-specific. Men's speech was rated higher in dynamism and socio-intellectual status than women's speech in only one of four conversations. Attributed male speakers were rated as more dynamic than attributed female speakers in two work settings. The conversation-specific nature of dialect and stereotype effects suggested a reconceptualisation of men's and women's speech as interactional achievements and a need for research on contextual cues in work environments that evoke stereotyping.

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